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Projet innovant de gestion de l’environnement: la végétation spontanée

Contexte

 En France, les municipalités de Ténarèze et d’Armagnac ont décelé un niveau excessif de nitrates dans l’eau et, de plus, une utilisation trop intensive du sol en agriculture. Par conséquent, la biodiversité locale a décliné. Afin de traiter ces problèmes, les autorités locales ont lancé un processus de consultation impliquant tous les acteurs du territoire pour mettre en œuvre de nouvelles pratiques de gestion de l’environnement.

Le projet

 Après la consultation, les mairies de Ténarèze et d’Armagnac ont mis en place une nouvelle forme de gestion de l’environnement pro-active, basée sur le génie végétal. Ces techniques novatrices visent à créer volontairement des habitats sauvages, agissant comme une réserve pour la faune et la flore et également comme une zone tampon pour protéger les ressources naturelles. Le projet a encouragé des actions simples, telles que la mise en place d’éléments durables dont des haies, des forêts riveraines, des bosquets ou de l’agroforesterie, qui peuvent répondre aux besoins de base des espèces en déclin (par exemple les pollinisateurs) en leur procurant des ressources alimentaires, des zones de reproduction et des abris.

Résultats

 Le projet a eu pour effet de favoriser l’environnement local. Tout d’abord, il a permis de sensibiliser les habitants des deux communes sur l’importance du maintien de la végétation spontanée. Parallèlement, les nouvelles plantes agissent comme un filtre pour le nitrate et améliorent la productivité des sols agricoles. La végétation spontanée située près des cours d’eau contribue à la prévention des inondations, tandis que celles située le long des routes diminue l’érosion et la fréquence à laquelle les routes doivent être nettoyées.

Ceci est un résumé d’une bonne pratique publiée par le Réseau européen pour le développement rural (exemples de projets 2007-2013).

 Cliquez ici pour plus d’informations sur le projet.

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24 septembre 2014

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