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Les personnes vivant dans les zones rurales sont plus exposées à la pauvreté

Le Service de Recherche du Parlement européena publié, en mars 2017, un rapport de recherche analysant les principaux moteurs de la pauvreté rurale et de l’exclusion sociale dans l’UE et les politiques et instruments européens pour les combattre.

Le rapport présente des statistiques sur la pauvreté rurale en les confrontant aux chiffres de la pauvreté urbaine. Dans l’ensemble, dans l’Union européenne, les personnes vivant dans les zones rurales sont plus susceptibles d’être exposées à la pauvreté et aux risques d’exclusion. Les chiffres montrent que la pauvreté rurale est légèrement plus élevée dans les zones rurales (25,5% contre 22,1% dans les villes et les banlieues) avec des situations très contrastées à travers le continent, car certains pays (comme la Roumanie et la Bulgarie) présentent un énorme écart de pauvreté entre les régions rurales Et les zones urbaines. « Dans les pays occidentaux, la pauvreté rurale semble être concentrée dans les régions éloignées », indique le rapport.


cité dans le rapport

Le rapport énumère également les facteurs considérés comme les principaux moteurs de la pauvreté rurale et de l’exclusion sociale:

  • situation démographique défavorable;
  • marché du travail plus faible;
  • accès limité à l’éducation; et
  • l’éloignement et l’isolement rural

En outre, le rapport présente les groupes spécifiques à risque de pauvreté dans les zones rurales (petits agriculteurs, les Roms et les femmes) et le rôle de la Politique Agricole Commune (PAC) pour assurer un niveau de vie décent aux agriculteurs (soutien du revenu sous le premier pilier et Politique de développement rural dans le cadre du deuxième pilier). Ces chiffres montrent que l’accès à l’éducation et à un travail approprié est nécessaire pour sortir de la pauvreté et de l’exclusion sociale. Il est nécessaire de développer l’attractivité de ces zones rurales et c’est la raison pour laquelle Euromontana soutient la nécessité d’un Livre blanc sur la ruralité pour permettre aux populations vivant en zones rurales et en montagne d’avoir un niveau de vie similaire à celui  des zones urbaines.

Pour lire le briefing de recherche du Parlement européen: cliquez ici

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7 juillet 2017

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