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PAC post-2020 : les éco-schemes doivent soutenir l’agriculture de montagne

Les éco-schemes sont un nouvel outil dans le cadre du premier pilier de la PAC post-2020 ; visant à rendre la PAC plus écologique, ils sont obligatoires pour les États membres dans leurs Plans Stratégiques mais facultatifs pour les agriculteurs. Les États membres sont en train de rédiger leurs Plans Stratégiques et le contenu de ces nouveaux éco-schemes demeure à ce jour peu clair. Comment définir les nouveaux éco-schemes dans les Plans Stratégiques de la future PAC ? Comment s’assurer que ces éco-schemes vont rendre la future PAC plus verte ? La Commission européenne a publié le 14 janvier 2021 une liste de mesures potentiellement éligibles au titre des nouveaux éco-schemes afin d’aider les États membres à élaborer leurs Plans Stratégiques de la PAC.

En examinant la liste des mesures proposées par la Commission européenne, il est clair que l’agriculture de montagne a un rôle important à jouer dans le « Green Deal » et pour la promotion d’une agriculture extensive et durable par le biais des éco-schemes. Nombre des mesures proposées s’appliquent en effet à l’agriculture dans des zones soumises à des contraintes naturelles telles que les systèmes agroforestiers et sylvopastoraux, la transhumance et le pâturage libre et, plus globalement, un système d’élevage extensif et basé sur l’herbe.

D’autres mesures proposées par la Commission européenne pour les éco-schemes présentent également un intérêt, comme la promotion des pratiques agro-écologiques (cultures mixtes – cultures multiples, mélange d’espèces et de prairies permanentes à des fins de biodiversité), la création et le maintien de prairies permanentes et le soutien à la conversion à l’agriculture biologique.

Euromontana salue les propositions de la Commission européenne et appelle les États membres montagneux à mettre en place des éco-schemes adéquats, permettant aux agriculteurs de montagne d’être éligibles et de contribuer à une PAC durable.

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21 janvier 2021

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